A call to rest: Mitigating the impacts of the extended firefighter workweek

Abstract

Firefighting is a physically and mentally demanding profession often requiring extended workweeks exceeding the national average for full-time workers. While operationally beneficial, these schedules pose substantial risks to firefighter health, safety, and performance due to chronic sleep disruption and related challenges. This article explores the implications of extended firefighter workweeks on physical health, mental resilience, and occupational safety, with a particular focus on sleep disruption. Through a synthesis of existing research, it examines the associated risks, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, burnout, and post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as impacts on family life and organizational efficiency. In response to these challenges, this article provides recommendations for shift adjustments, such as transitioning to alternative schedules, aligning shift start times with natural sleep cycles, and normalizing on-duty rest and recovery breaks. It also highlights the importance of educating firefighters on sleep hygiene and addressing external factors that may impair off-duty recovery. While there is a lack of comprehensive research on the long-term effects of these interventions, early investigations indicate their potential to mitigate health risks and improve workforce sustainability. By prioritizing firefighter well-being through structural and cultural reforms, this article aims to guide fire departments, policymakers, and researchers in fostering a healthier, more effective firefighting workforce.